Using natural language processing, we identify corporate goals stated in the shareholder letters of the 150 largest companies in the United States from 1955 to 2020. Corporate goals have proliferated, ...

Current technological developments in a number of industries, such as the rise of artificial intelligence and innovations ...

In addition to , the NBER disseminates affiliates’ latest findings through a range of free periodicals — the , the , the , the , and the — as well as online , , and .

This paper considers why fertility has fallen to historically low levels in virtually all high-income countries. Using cohort data, we document rising childlessness at all observed ages and falling ...

In addition to working papers, the NBER disseminates affiliates’ latest findings through a range of free periodicals — the ...

The Development of the American Economy (DAE) program was one of the first research programs launched by Martin Feldstein in 1978 when he formalized the modern structure of the NBER. The mission of ...

While prior studies of language acquisition have focused on schools, we show the overwhelming influence of out-of-school learning. We identify the causal effect of subtitling in a ...

The charter school movement encompasses many school models. In Massachusetts in the 2010’s, the site of our study, urban charter schools primarily used “No Excuses” practices, whereas nonurban ...

Lab-in-the-field experiments, in which lab experiments are conducted in more naturalistic settings, are increasingly being implemented in developing country contexts. In this chapter, we outline the ...

Using newly-collected data on the near-population of U.S. STEM PhD graduates since 1950, we examine who funds PhD training, how many graduates are trained in areas of strategic national importance, ...

Using a dual-framework approach, we demonstrate how AI can transform both strategic decision-making and daily operations within central banks, taking the Federal Reserve System (FRS) as a ...

I propose a model of the reserve currency paradigm that centers on liquidity demand for safe assets. In global recessions, the demand for U.S. safe assets increases and raises their convenience yields ...